Question

Calculating the theoretical equilibrium potential of a specific ion can be achieved using the __________ __________.

Answer 1

Calculating the theoretical equilibrium potential for an ion is achieved using the Nernst equation, which incorporates various factors including standard electrode potentials, concentration, and reaction quotient.

Step-by-step explanation:

Calculating the theoretical equilibrium potential of a specific ion can be achieved using the Nernst equation. This equation is integral to understanding electrochemical cells and finding the equilibrium potential. The Nernst equation takes into account the temperature, the concentrations (or pressures) of the reactants and products, the number of electrons involved in the redox reaction, and the standard electrode potentials.

Steps to Calculate Equilibrium Potentials

1. Before the equivalence point, determine the concentrations of the titrand's oxidized and reduced forms and utilize the Nernst equation for the titrand's reduction half-reaction.
2. After the equivalence point, calculate by assessing the concentrations of the titrant's oxidized and reduced forms, applying the Nernst equation for the titrant's reduction half-reaction.

The Nernst equation also highlights that there is a potential change of 0.0591/n V for each tenfold change in the reaction quotient Q. This detailed approach is essential in electrochemical analyses and has wide applications, including in potentioemetric titrations and the use of pH meters. Moreover, the Nernst equation reflects the relationship between potential, free energy, and equilibrium, indicating the intrinsic driving force of redox processes.