Final answer:
To design a 4-bit multifunction register, we need four flip-flops and can implement operations such as shift left, rotate right, invert, and load. Shift left discards the leftmost bit and adds a 0 on the right. Rotate right moves the rightmost bit to the leftmost position. Invert flips the bits, and load sets the register to a new value.
Step-by-step explanation:
To design a 4-bit multifunction register, we need four flip-flops because each flip-flop can store a single bit of data. The four different operations can be implemented by manipulating the inputs and outputs of the flip-flops. Let's look at each operation:
Shift left: In this operation, the contents of the register are shifted to the left, with the leftmost bit being discarded and a 0 being shifted in from the right. This can be achieved by connecting the output of each flip-flop to the input of the next flip-flop, except for the leftmost flip-flop whose output is not connected. The input to the rightmost flip-flop is connected to a 0 input.
Rotate right: In this operation, the contents of the register are rotated to the right, with the rightmost bit becoming the leftmost bit. This can be achieved by connecting the output of the rightmost flip-flop to the input of the leftmost flip-flop and connecting the output of each flip-flop to the input of the next flip-flop.
Invert: In this operation, each bit in the register is inverted, i.e., 0s become 1s and 1s become 0s. This can be achieved by connecting each flip-flop output to an XOR gate with a 1 input. The output of the XOR gate is connected to the input of the corresponding flip-flop.
Load: In this operation, a new value is loaded into the register. This can be achieved by connecting the inputs of each flip-flop to the desired bit values.