Final answer:
Growth hormone indirectly stimulates cell growth by promoting protein synthesis and inhibiting degradation. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are produced by the liver and other tissues in response to GH and enhance cell proliferation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Growth hormone (GH) indirectly stimulates cell growth by promoting the synthesis and inhibiting the degradation of proteins and other macromolecules. GH triggers the liver and other tissues to produce insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) which enhance cellular proliferation and inhibit programmed cell death. IGFs increase the uptake of amino acids for protein synthesis, particularly in skeletal muscle and cartilage cells.