Final answer:
The most effective technique to study integral proteins in the cell membrane involves the use of detergents for extraction, purification through chromatography, and structural analysis using protein crystallography or NMR.
Step-by-step explanation:
To study the integral proteins in the cell membrane, one can employ various biochemical and biophysical techniques. The most common and effective methods include the use of detergents to solubilize membrane proteins for analysis, the application of affinity chromatography for purification, and the use of protein crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for structural studies. Additionally, freeze-fracture electron microscopy can be used to visualize the orientation and distribution of these proteins within the membrane.
Simplified, the best technique to analyze integral proteins would be the use of detergents to extract these proteins from membranes, followed by methods such as chromatography to purify and structural analysis like crystallography or NMR to characterize them.