Question

34. A genetics student recently learned of the connection between telomerase and cancer. Curious as to whether he is at risk for developing cancer, he sneaks into a lab at night to analyze his DNA. He isolates DNA from his skin cells and applies PCR using primers specific to the telomerase gene. He runs a gel on his PCR reaction and sees that he has a PCR product on the gel. He is terrified because he knows this means he has the telomerase gene in his skin cells and thinks he will develop skin cancer. He takes his findings to his genetics professor. What does she tell him (besides he shouldn't be sneaking into a lab!)?

Answer 1

The professor would tell the student that the presence of the telomerase gene is normal and does not mean he will develop cancer.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's genetics professor would explain that the presence of a telomerase gene in skin cells does not directly indicate an increased risk of developing cancer. Telomerase is typically active in germ cells and adult stem cells, and it can also be found in some cancer cells where it helps to maintain the length of telomeres, thus allowing the cells to divide continuously. However, its mere presence in DNA doesn't mean it's actively contributing to cancer progression. Additionally, having the telomerase gene is normal as it plays an important role in cellular functions and regenerative processes. The professor would likely reassure the student that active telomerase is not synonymous with cancer, as the PCR product doesn't differentiate between normal physiological expression and abnormal cancerous activation.