Final answer:
The components of Chargaff's rules include that the percentage of purines equals the percentage of pyrimidines (%A = %T and %G = %C) in a DNA molecule. These rules are key to the stable base pairing and replication of DNA. All the given statements, therefore, are true per Chargaff's rules.
Step-by-step explanation:
The components of Chargaff's rules are important to understand the base pairing that occurs in DNA. Chargaff's rules state that:
- % purines (adenine and guanine) = % pyrimidines (cytosine and thymine).
- % adenine (A) = % thymine (T).
- % guanine (G) = % cytosine (C).
These relationships illustrate that in a double-stranded DNA molecule, the number of purines always equals the number of pyrimidines because of the specific base pairing: A pairs with T and G pairs with C, forming hydrogen bonds between them. Adenine and thymine form two hydrogen bonds whereas cytosine and guanine form three. These base pairing rules are the reason for the genome's stability and are the foundation for DNA replication.
Therefore, the correct answer to which of the following are components of Chargaff's rules of bases would be: E) All of these are true.