Final answer:
The lysosome's major function is the degradation of macromolecules and organelles, acting as a cellular 'garbage disposal' and recycling center.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major function of the lysosome is d) Degradation of macromolecules and organelles. Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in animal cells that act as the cell's digestion system. They break down various biomolecules including proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as recycling damaged or worn-out organelles. This process not only eliminates cellular waste but also recycles the molecular components for future use. Moreover, lysosomes play a critical role in the defense system of the body by breaking down foreign material such as pathogens in white blood cells through a process known as phagocytosis.