Final answer:
Dynein moves materials along microtubules towards the minus end, not the plus end, which makes the statement false. This movement is essential for the function of cilia and flagella, as well as cell division processes such as chromatid separation during mitosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that dynein moves materials along microtubules in the plus direction is false. Dynein is a motor protein that typically moves towards the minus end of microtubules, which is generally directed towards the center of the cell, whereas kinesin usually moves towards the plus end, directed towards the cell periphery. In the context of cilia and flagella which have a specialized 9+2 arrangement of microtubules, dynein contributes to their beating motion by 'walking' along one microtubule towards the minus end, causing adjacent microtubules to slide past each other. This results in the bending of cilia and flagella necessary for locomotion and other functions.
In mitosis, specifically during anaphase, dynein and other motor proteins are involved in the movement of polar microtubules which assists in pulling chromatids towards opposite poles of the cell. The dynamic nature of microtubules, driven by assembly at the plus ends and disassembly at the minus ends, is essential to many cellular processes including the movement of organelles, vesicles, and during cell division.