Question

11-26 We know the detailed molecular structure and mechanism of action of the transmembrane

protein bacteriorhodopsin. This protein uses sunlight as the source of energy to pump
______ out of the cell.
(a) 4 ATP
(b) 7 H+
(c) 7 K+
(d) 4 Na+

Answer 1

Bacteriorhodopsin is a protein that uses sunlight to pump 7 protons (H+) out of the cell, contributing to ATP synthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The detailed molecular structure and mechanism of action of the transmembrane protein bacteriorhodopsin show that it utilizes sunlight as a source of energy to pump protons out of the cell. The protein binds protons within the cytosol, undergoes a conformational change upon absorption of light, and releases the protons on the outside of the cell. This establishes an electrochemical gradient that facilitates the flow of protons back into the cell, a process linked with the synthesis of ATP. The correct answer to the student's question is that bacteriorhodopsin uses sunlight to pump 7 H+ out of the cell.