Question

The farther apart two genes, the _____ the probability that undetected crossovers will occur and the higher the degree of inaccuracy will be.

Answer 1

The farther apart two genes, the _higher_ the probability that undetected crossovers will occur and the higher the degree of inaccuracy will be.

Step-by-step explanation:

The phenomenon described relates to genetic linkage and the likelihood of crossovers during meiosis. Genetic linkage refers to the tendency of genes located close to each other on a chromosome to be inherited together due to a lower probability of crossovers between them.

As two genes move farther apart on a chromosome, the probability of crossovers between them increases. Crossovers are events during meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material. When genes are far apart, there is a higher chance of crossovers occurring between them during meiosis.

The probability of crossovers is often measured in centimorgans (cM), a unit of genetic linkage. One centimorgan represents a 1% chance of recombination (crossover) occurring between two genes. As genes move farther apart, the number of centimorgans increases, indicating a higher likelihood of crossovers.

This increased probability of crossovers leads to a greater chance of inaccurate genetic predictions based on the assumption of genes being inherited together. Understanding the principles of genetic linkage and recombination is essential in genetic mapping, where scientists analyze the inheritance patterns of genes to identify their locations on chromosomes and study the relationships between genes.

Answer 2

The farther apart two genes are on a chromosome, the higher the likelihood of crossover events, causing more recombinant gametes and potentially introducing inaccuracies in gene mapping.

Step-by-step explanation:

The further apart two genes are on a chromosome, the higher the probability that undetected crossovers will occur and the higher the degree of inaccuracy will be. As the distance between two genes increases, recombination events become more probable. When geneticists use recombination frequency to map genes on chromosomes, they find that more progeny with nonparental genotypes appear as the distance between genes increases. For example, if the recombination frequency between two genes is calculated as 5%, this is interpreted to mean that crossovers between these genes occur 5% of the time, indicating that they are sufficiently far apart on the chromosome to allow for such events. As such, genetic distance can be inferred from the proportion of recombinant gametes, or nonparental types, which arise from these crossover events.

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