Final answer:
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome presents with facial abnormalities such as a flattened and thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures, and microcephaly, which are caused by maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy. The disorder includes cognitive and developmental impairments, and is preventable by avoiding alcohol during pregnancy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question of what Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) presents with is: Option 2: Facial abnormality (short palpebral fissure, low ear, midfacial hypoplasia, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip). FAS is characterized by distinctive facial features, developmental delays, and cognitive deficits. This syndrome is caused by maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy, which affects the developing fetus. The facial characteristics of children with FAS typically include a flattened and thin upper lip, small palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, a flattened nasal bridge, and a short nose. Additionally, affected individuals may have microcephaly, intellectual disabilities, and learning disorders.
It is important to note that FAS and other Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) are completely preventable by abstaining from alcohol during pregnancy. There is no known safe amount or time to consume alcohol during pregnancy, making complete abstinence the only certain way to avoid these disorders.