Final answer:
The bacterial replicase is typically composed of several subunits that form the core enzyme or holoenzyme for DNA replication, while eukaryotic cells have a greater number of DNA polymerases and multiple origins of replication to manage their larger genomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The bacterial cell usually has only one replicase which is comprised of many subunits. However, there are multiple repair DNA polymerases. These typically have one subunit or just a few subunits.
In prokaryotic cells, the DNA polymerase involved in replication is composed of four polypeptide subunits (denoted α, α, β, and β'), which comprise the polymerase core enzyme. A fifth subunit (σ) is involved in transcription initiation. Together, all these subunits form what is called the holoenzyme. In contrast, eukaryotic cells possess a much larger number of DNA polymerases. They have 14 known DNA polymerases, of which five (pol α, pol β, pol γ, pol δ, and pol ε) play major roles during replication. These eukaryotic polymerases have different functions, including replication, repair, and editing.
Furthermore, eukaryotic cells also have multiple origins of replication, allowing them to replicate their larger quantity of DNA efficiently despite their slower rate of replication. Conversely, prokaryotic cells, with a much smaller genome, typically have a single origin of replication and a faster rate of replication.