Question

Regarding the process of DNA synthesis, how are specific base pairing between the template and dNTP influenced by thumb motions?

A) Thumb motions have no impact on base pairing.
B) Thumb motions facilitate non-specific base pairing.
C) Thumb motions enhance the accuracy of base pairing.
D) Thumb motions affect the positioning of dNTP during base pairing.

Answer 1

During DNA synthesis, thumb motions of DNA polymerase affect the positioning of dNTPs for correct base pairing, ensuring that A pairs with T and G pairs with C.

Step-by-step explanation:

In the context of DNA synthesis, thumb motions of DNA polymerase are crucial for the positioning and alignment of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) prior to their incorporation into the growing DNA strand. This positioning is essential for ensuring specific base pairing between the template strand and the incoming dNTPs. The thumb region of DNA polymerase functions by adjusting its grip on the DNA, which helps stabilize the template strand and properly align the dNTPs for the formation of the correct base pairs, following the base complementary rule (A pairs with T, and G pairs with C).

Therefore, the correct answer to how thumb motions affect specific base pairing during DNA synthesis is:
D) Thumb motions affect the positioning of dNTP during base pairing.