Question

Eukaryotic DNA pol: Replicases

DNA polymerases delta (III polC) and epsilon (II polB)-
1) Heterodimeric
2) Need auxiliary proteins:
a) RF-C (replication factor C)- also known as the "____ ____."
b) RF-C loads PCNA (clamp) onto DNA
(____ binds to delta or epsilon & makes them stable on DNA)
3) Intrinsic ___ activities (high fidelity
4) Probably replicate all nuclear DNA

Answer 1

Eukaryotic DNA polymerases delta and epsilon are essential for replicating nuclear DNA and require auxiliary proteins, like the clamp loader, to function. They have proofreading abilities for high fidelity replication and are a critical part of the eukaryotic replisome.

Step-by-step explanation:

The eukaryotic DNA polymerases, specifically DNA polymerases delta and epsilon, are essential for nuclear DNA replication. These polymerases are respectively similar to prokaryotic DNA polymerase III and DNA polymerase II. Unlike prokaryotic enzymes that can independently bind to DNA, eukaryotic polymerases require auxiliary proteins, such as replication factor C (RF-C), which is also known as the "clamp loader." RF-C helps to load the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, which then binds to DNA polymerases delta or epsilon, enhancing their stability on the DNA strand.

Eukaryotic DNA polymerases have intrinsic proofreading abilities, ensuring high fidelity during replication. DNA polymerase delta is believed to replicate all nuclear DNA in eukaryotic cells, a task it shares with DNA polymerase epsilon. Altogether, the eukaryotic replication machinery is complex, involving numerous enzymes and proteins that assemble to form a functional replisome to carry out DNA synthesis.