Question

With regard to the T and t alleles, explain what the word segregation means.

A) Separation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis
B) Presence of both alleles in the same individual
C) Independent assortment of alleles on different chromosomes
D) Separation of alleles during gamete formation

Answer 1

Segregation refers to the separation of alleles during gamete formation, which occurs during meiosis, ensuring that each gamete carries a single allele for each gene.

Step-by-step explanation:

The word 'segregation' in the context of T and t alleles refers to the separation of alleles during gamete formation. Segregation occurs during the process of meiosis, where each gamete receives only one allele for each gene. Therefore, the correct answer to what segregation means with respect to alleles is D) Separation of alleles during gamete formation. This principle ensures that offspring inherit one allele for each gene from each parent, resulting in the genetic diversity seen in sexual reproduction.