Final answer:
The statement is true; eukaryotic transcription factors do include both activators and coactivators which regulate the initiation and rate of transcription along with basal transcription factors such as TFIID, recognising the TATA box and enhancers interacting with the transcription machinery.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that eukaryotic transcription factors include activators and coactivators is True. Transcription factors in eukaryotes play a critical role in the initiation and regulation of transcription. Basal transcription factors, such as those in the TFII series, are essential for the formation of the preinitiation complex, which is a necessary step to position RNA polymerase II at the start of a gene. These factors include TFIID, which contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP) that recognizes and binds to the TATA box in the promoter region, facilitating the bending of DNA.
Upstream of the promoter, enhancers and silencers can bind specific transcription factors that regulate gene expression further. Enhancers are bound by activator proteins which enhance transcription rates, while silencers are bound by repressors that reduce transcription. A key feature of eukaryotic transcription is the ability of enhancers, which may be located far away from the promoter, to interact with the transcription machinery through the looping of DNA, brought into proximity by the binding of transcription factors.