Final answer:
DNA replication termination occurs when replication forks meet or at specific termination sequences called ter sequences. It is a crucial step to finalize the replication process and ensures genetic integrity. This process involves enzymes like topoisomerase IV in prokaryotes and telomerase in eukaryotes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In some DNA molecules, replication is terminated whenever two replication forks meet. In others, specific termination sequences block further replication. These sequences are known as ter sequences. The stage of replication during which DNA replication is halted once the chromosome has been fully replicated is known as termination. The termination process is less understood than the initiation, but it is crucial for ensuring that the replicated DNA molecules are complete and can function properly in the cell.
Prokaryotic cells, which have circular DNA, require the resolution of concatemers through the activity of enzymes like bacterial topoisomerase IV. In eukaryotic cells, linear chromosomes present unique challenges at their ends, called telomeres, where the enzyme telomerase is involved in completing the replication process.
Termination of replication is essential for the maintenance and integrity of genetic information, preventing issues such as infections and other complications arising from incomplete or incorrect replication of DNA.