Final answer:
To identify parts of speech such as nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs, examine the syntax and usage in each sentence. Words can have a static form but their function might change depending on the context, as demonstrated by verbs functioning nominally or nouns functioning adjectivally.
Step-by-step explanation:
To identify the nouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs in each sentence, you'll need to look at the syntax and the role each word plays. A noun typically names a person, place, thing, or idea, while adjectives modify nouns by giving more information about them. Verbs are the action or state of being words, and adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, often telling how, when, where, or to what extent something is done.
Remember that form refers to what a word is by definition, such as a noun or verb. However, the function of a word refers to how it is used in a sentence, which can vary. For example, in "Eating an apple a day can keep the doctor away," the word 'eating' is a verb by form, but it functions as if it were a noun, as the subject of the sentence. Similarly, in "Is this the picture of Jose's mother?", 'Jose' is a proper noun by form, but it becomes adjectival when used possessively to describe the picture.