Final answer:
Job Analysis is the process used to identify the responsibilities of a job and the attributes a person needs to perform it, which is a key aspect of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure for determining the tasks, duties, and responsibilities of a job and the human attributes required to perform it is known as Job Analysis. In the field of Industrial and Organizational (I-O) Psychology, job analysis is crucial for identifying job characteristics and the worker characteristics necessary to perform a job. The process involves creating a detailed job description, which is task-oriented, and a job specification, which is worker-oriented and lists the knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs) needed to perform the job successfully.
Methods like observation, surveys, and interviews are employed to garner information for job analyses. In contrast to job analysis, which establishes the requirements and tasks of a job, performance appraisals are used to evaluate an employee's effectiveness in their role and are often part of motivating and training employees within an organization.