Question

Mutations are important in genetics because

A. they are the source of genetic variability for populations.
B. they allow geneticists to investigate gene function.
C. they are produced to allow adaptation.
D. A and B.
E. All of the above.

Answer 1

In genetics, mutations serve as the source of genetic variability and provide insights into gene function, but are not produced intentionally for adaptation. Therefore, the correct answer is D, comprising both genetic variability and the study of gene function.

Step-by-step explanation:

Mutations are important in genetics because they fulfill several roles:

• Genetic variability: They are the source of genetic variability for populations which is crucial for the process of evolution.
• Gene function: They allow geneticists to investigate gene function by observing the effects of changes in gene sequences.
• Adaptation: While not produced for the purpose of adaptation, beneficial mutations can lead to traits that provide an advantage in certain environments and therefore may become more common in the population through natural selection.

In summary, mutations are indeed crucial for genetic diversity and research in genetics, making options A and B correct. However, mutations are not produced with the intention to allow adaptation. They occur randomly and those that happen to be beneficial may contribute to an organism's fitness. Therefore, the correct answer to why mutations are important is D: A and B.