Final answer:
Induced mutations are caused by environmental factors such as chemical mutagens, ionizing radiation, and nonionizing radiation, but not by wobble base pairing, which is a spontaneous error in DNA replication.
Step-by-step explanation:
Induced mutations can be caused by a variety of environmental factors, but not by wobble base pairing, which is a form of spontaneous error that happens during DNA replication. Chemical mutagens like base analogs and intercalating agents, ionizing radiation such as X-rays and gamma rays, and nonionizing radiation like ultraviolet light can induce mutations by altering the structure or sequencing of DNA. Intercalating agents, for example, disrupt the DNA double helix and may cause frameshift mutations. Different mutagens can increase the mutation rate significantly, sometimes by more than a thousandfold, and these agents may also be carcinogenic.