Final answer:
Unintended consequences of social structures are referred to as externalities. They can have positive or negative effects and are often a result of complex interactions within social systems. The concept also relates to social traps and the evolving nature of social structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that refers to the unforeseen consequences of social structures is known as externalities. Externalities can be either positive or negative and are not always immediately obvious. For instance, the building of a dam with the intention of generating electricity or controlling floods can have numerous unintended consequences, such as environmental impacts, that extend beyond the original goals of the project. Similarly, the concept of social traps relates to decisions or actions that have long-term negative consequences, like the nuclear arms race after World War II. On the other hand, social constructs and the social structure of a society guide individuals' actions and contribute to both intended and unintended outcomes. The everyday decisions and actions of people within their social systems can perpetuate or alter these structures, leading to constant change and unexpected outcomes.