Final answer:
Advancements in job simplification, work standards, and incentive wage plans emerged from Frederick Taylor's Motion Study, a part of his scientific management principles, which focuses on optimizing work processes for efficiency and introducing the efficiency wage theory to incentivize workers.
Step-by-step explanation:
The advances in the areas of job simplification, work standards, and incentive wage plans can be primarily attributed to the concepts introduced by Frederick Taylor's Motion Study. This approach is fundamentally about analyzing and optimizing workflows to increase productivity and efficiency. Taylor's The Principles of Scientific Management emphasizes the importance of time-motion studies and how they contribute to establishing standardized work procedures. These studies help understand the best ways to perform work tasks, leading to more efficient operations and potentially higher wages for workers under the concept of efficiency wage theory. Essentially, better pay can motivate workers to be more productive, benefitting both the employee and the employer.
In contrast, Theory X is more about the traditional view that assumes people fundamentally dislike work and need to be closely supervised, while Theory Y suggests that people inherently seek satisfaction and fulfillment from their work and perform better under leadership that allows them to set their own work-related goals, emphasizing a more consultative and participatory management style.