Final answer:
Functional changes in the renal system can include a loss of renal mass, decreased GFR, and decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone. These changes can affect the kidneys' filtering function, fluid and electrolyte balance, and overall body health.
Therefore the correct answer is option D Decreased Aldosterone Sensitivity
Step-by-step explanation:
Functional changes in the renal system can include a loss of renal mass, decreased GFR (glomerular filtration rate), and decreased sensitivity to ADH (antidiuretic hormone) and aldosterone. These changes can have several effects on the kidneys and overall body function.
Decreased GFR can lead to a decrease in the rate at which the kidneys filter waste products and fluid from the blood. This can result in abnormal fluid levels in the body and other problems like deranged acid levels, abnormal levels of certain electrolytes, and anemia.
Decreased sensitivity to ADH and aldosterone can affect the kidneys' ability to regulate water and sodium reabsorption. This can lead to abnormal urine output and improper fluid and electrolyte balance.