Final answer:
Children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) have the typical sex chromosome combinations of XX or XY, and the condition affects hormonal levels rather than chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Sex Chromosome Combinations
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a condition that affects steroid hormone biosynthesis in the adrenal glands. The condition is not directly linked to one's karyotype, meaning people with CAH typically have the usual sex chromosome combinations: either XX chromosomes (typically female) or XY chromosomes (typically male). In CAH, an enzyme deficiency leads to an excess production of androgens, which can cause ambiguous genitalia or influence sexual development. This effect is hormonal rather than chromosomal. Therefore, the possible sex chromosome combinations for children with CAH are either XX or XY, the same as those without the condition.