Question

The proteins that enzymatically modify histones by the addition of an acetyl group to lysine are referred to as:

A. histone kinases
B. histone acetly transferases
C. histone deacetylases
D. acetyl CoA isomerases
E. chlorampenieol acetyl transferases

Answer 1

Histone acetyltransferases (HAT enzymes) are responsible for the acetylation of lysine residues on histones, a key process in regulating gene expression by altering chromatin structure.

Step-by-step explanation:

The proteins that enzymatically modify histones by the addition of an acetyl group to lysine are referred to as histone acetyltransferases (HAT enzymes). The process of adding an acetyl group to the lysine residues of histone proteins is known as histone acetylation, which is crucial for regulating gene transcription. By acetylating histones, these enzymes reduce the positive charge on the histone tails, leading to a more relaxed chromatin structure that facilitates transcription. In contrast, histone deacetylases remove these acetyl groups, resulting in tighter DNA packaging and reduced transcriptional activity. Therefore, for the question, the correct answer is B. histone acetyltransferases.