Final answer:
The assertion that Crick, Watson, Wilkins, and Franklin all received the Nobel Prize is false, as Rosalind Franklin did not receive the award due to her passing before the prize was awarded; Nobel prizes are not awarded posthumously.
Step-by-step explanation:
Contributions to the Discovery of the Structure of DNA
The statement that Francis Crick, James Watson, Maurice Wilkins, and Rosalind Franklin all received the Nobel Prize for their work leading to the discovery of the structure of DNA is false. In the 1950s, Francis Crick and James Watson worked on determining the DNA structure at the University of Cambridge. They, along with Maurice Wilkins, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962 for their discovery that DNA forms a double helix. However, Rosalind Franklin, who made crucial contributions through her X-ray diffraction images of DNA, did not receive the Nobel Prize as she had passed away by the time the award was given, and Nobel prizes are not awarded posthumously.
While Crick and Watson are often credited with the discovery, Franklin's data was critical to their success. Watson and Crick used Franklin's X-ray diffraction images to confirm the double helix structure and determine specific details of DNA's size and structure. Despite her vital role, Franklin's contribution was not officially recognized with a Nobel Prize due to her untimely death.