Final answer:
Primary RNA transcripts are not used directly for the translation of proteins; they require processing to become mature mRNA for translation. tRNAs act as the link between codons in mRNA and amino acids during protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
False: Primary RNA transcripts are not used directly for translation into a protein. Instead, these transcripts undergo several processing steps before being translated. The initial RNA molecule, called primary transcript or pre-mRNA in eukaryotes, includes both exons (coding regions) and introns (non-coding regions). During RNA processing, introns are removed, and the exons are spliced together to form mature mRNA, which is then used as a template for protein synthesis, or translation, in the cell's cytoplasm at the ribosome.
In the context of other RNA types, tRNAs serve as the link between codons in the mRNA and amino acids, which are assembled into proteins. tRNAs can indeed be thought of as adaptors that carry specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain, corresponding to each three-base codon on the mRNA. Additionally, some RNA viruses have their genome used directly as if it were mRNA, which means in those instances, the viral RNA can be immediately translated to produce viral proteins without the need for transcription from DNA.