Final answer:
The statement is false; an aminoacyl-tRNA molecule carries a single amino acid, not a polymer of hundreds, to be added to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement is false; an aminoacyl-tRNA does not have a polymer of hundreds of amino acids linked through its 3'-OH. An aminoacyl-tRNA is, in fact, a molecule that carries a single specific amino acid that has been linked to the tRNA by a high-energy bond. This attachment occurs at the 3' end of the tRNA molecule. The purpose of the aminoacyl-tRNA is to deliver its amino acid to the ribosome where it will be added to a growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule is matched with its specific amino acid by an enzyme known as aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. After a tRNA molecule has contributed its amino acid to the polypeptide chain, it is released from the ribosome and can be recharged with another amino acid, hence the process is sometimes referred to as 'recycling'