Final answer:
DNA affinity chromatography is a biotechnological method used to purify a protein that binds to DNA. It utilizes the natural affinity between proteins and DNA sequences to isolate specific proteins from a mixture.
Step-by-step explanation:
DNA affinity chromatography is a technique used to purify proteins that have specific binding affinities for DNA. It leverages the natural interactions between DNA and proteins, such as transcription factors or polymerases, which bind to the DNA for various biological purposes. During the chromatography process, a DNA sequence that corresponds to the binding site of the protein of interest is attached to a chromatography column. As the mixture of proteins passes through the column, only those with affinity for the DNA sequence will bind to it. Unbound proteins are washed away, and then the bound proteins can be eluted, or freed, from the column using a specific elution buffer.
This method can therefore be used to purify a protein that binds to DNA, which answers the original question. It does not measure the rate of DNA synthesis, determine telomerase activity, measure RNA molecule size, or serve as a universal tool for all listed applications.