Final answer:
Myelination and axon diameter are two factors that enhance conduction speed in biological systems.
Step-by-step explanation:
Two factors that enhance conduction speed in biological systems are myelination and axon diameter.
Myelination refers to the fatty sheath that covers and insulates the axon of a neuron. It acts as an electrical insulator, preventing the leakage of ions and increasing the speed of conduction. Saltatory conduction, which occurs in myelinated axons, is faster than continuous conduction.
The diameter of the axon also affects conduction speed. A wider axon allows for faster and more efficient propagation of the electrical signal. Just as water flows faster in a wider river than in a narrow creek, the depolarization of the axon spreads faster in a wide axon compared to a narrow one.