Final answer:
The correct answer is D) Pressure altitude. Temperature correction needs to be added to pressure altitude when flying under IFR. The density of air decreases with altitude, affecting aircraft performance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is D) Pressure altitude. When flying under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR), a temperature correction needs to be added to the pressure altitude. Pressure altitude is the altitude indicated when the aircraft's altimeter is set to the standard pressure setting of 29.92 inches of mercury.
The reason for the temperature correction is that the density of air decreases with altitude. As the altitude increases, the air becomes less dense, affecting the performance of the aircraft. Temperature correction ensures accurate altitude readings by compensating for the variation in air density due to temperature changes.
For a column of air of a constant temperature, the density decreases exponentially with altitude. This means that the air becomes less dense as you climb higher, which affects various aspects of flight, such as engine performance and aircraft handling.