Final answer:
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is the car feature that monitors and helps correct the discrepancy between a driver's intended path and the actual direction of the vehicle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The modern car feature that tracks where a driver is steering the vehicle compared to where the vehicle is actually going is called Electronic Stability Control (ESC). This system helps to improve a vehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction. When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help steer the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter oversteering or the inner rear wheel to counter understeering.
Other options listed, such as Adaptive Cruise Control, are designed to maintain a safe following distance and speed control, but do not directly affect the vehicle's stability based on steering input. Lane Departure Warning systems alert drivers when they are unintentionally drifting out of their lane, but again, do not control the stability of the vehicle. Active Steering adjusts the steering ratio based on vehicle speed and can provide assistance in steering but is not primarily designed to track and correct vehicle stability.