Final answer:
The right coronary artery supplies the right atrium, inferior wall of the right ventricle, and half of the anterior surface of the left ventricle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The blood vessel that supplies the right atrium, the inferior wall of the right ventricle, and half of the anterior surface of the left ventricle is the right coronary artery. This artery runs along the coronary sulcus, distributing blood to the aforementioned parts of the heart, as well as to the heart conduction system. In its course, it gives rise to the posterior interventricular artery, also known as the posterior descending artery, which supplies the interventricular septum and portions of both ventricles.