Final answer:
Baroreceptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch detect changes in blood pressure and control the baroreceptor reflex to maintain stable blood pressure levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structures located on the internal carotid arteries and the aortic arch that detect changes in blood pressure are known as baroreceptors. These specialized stretch receptors are found principally in sinuses within the walls of the aorta and carotid arteries and are essential for monitoring blood pressure and maintaining cardiac homeostasis through the baroreceptor reflex. With changes in blood pressure, baroreceptors adjust their rate of firing, which in turn influences the cardiac centers to modulate sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation, ensuring blood pressure is kept within normal ranges.