Final answer:
The air driven generator provides AC power to the essential buses of an aircraft. It converts other forms of power into electrical power, ensuring critical systems receive power during emergencies or main system failures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The air driven generator (ADG) provides AC power to the correct option from the provided choices. An air driven generator is a device that converts other sources of power into electrical, specifically in the context of an aircraft. These generators ensure the continuity of electrical power supply when the main generators fail.
Most notably, ADGs are designed to provide power to essential buses. Essential buses are parts of the electrical distribution system that supply power to critical systems required for safe flight and landing. It is not typically used to power the primary bus, standby bus, or directly power hydraulic pumps. The ADG ensures that, even in the case of an emergency or main electrical system failure, vital components and systems continue to receive electrical power necessary for their operation. Electric generators in general, not just ADGs, contain wire loops in a magnetic field. These generators leverage magnetic induction, and when an external force induces the loops to rotate within the magnetic field, an AC voltage is produced, driving an AC current through those loops. This is the basic principle of power generation for all types of electrical generators, whether they are powered by kinetic energy from water, steam produced by coal or nuclear plants, or from other sources like wind, or tides.