Final answer:
Leukoderma is characterized by white patches on the skin due to depigmentation, often seen in conditions like vitiligo.
Step-by-step explanation:
Leukoderma in dermatological response to damage lesions refers to C) White patches on the skin. This condition results from depigmentation, where patches of skin lose their pigment and become noticeably lighter compared to the surrounding areas.
Vitiligo is a common example of this, as individuals with this condition experience depigmentation that creates lighter colored patches of skin. This condition is particularly conspicuous on individuals with darker skin. The cause is tied to a decrease or absence of melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin, the pigment determining hair and skin color.
Other dermatological responses to damage or disease could include increased production of melanin (leading to tanning or hyperpigmentation), increased production of connective tissue (often resulting in scar formation), or hyperpigmentation as seen in Addison's disease.
It is important to distinguish leukoderma from other skin conditions which might lead to discoloration, such as sunburn or xeroderma pigmentosum. Sunburn occurs after significant exposure to UV-B and UV-C rays, while xeroderma pigmentosum is a genetic disorder where skin lesions form due to an inability to repair damage from UV light exposure.