Final answer:
Attitudinal barriers in healthcare involve negative attitudes that hinder proper care for individuals with disabilities. Education and awareness are key in combating these barriers and improving accessibility and fairness. Barriers contributing to high unemployment among disabled individuals are societal, not medical.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of barriers that involve negative attitudes and perceptions towards individuals with disabilities in healthcare settings are c. Attitudinal barriers. These can manifest as prejudices, stereotypes, and overall negative attitudes that prevent individuals with disabilities from receiving proper healthcare. Efforts to educate healthcare providers and the public can help to overcome these barriers and improve access and fairness in healthcare for those with disabilities.
Sidewalk ramps and Braille signs are examples of d. both b and c, accommodations required by the Americans with Disabilities Act and forms of accessibility for people with disabilities. The high unemployment rate among people with disabilities may be influenced by societal barriers rather than medical or personal health issues like obesity. This shows the importance of societal understanding and accommodation to improve opportunity and reduce discrimination.
Finally, the body employs various defense mechanisms, and the skin acts not only as a chemical but also a physical barrier against pathogens, highlighting the necessity of multiple protection layers against infections and diseases.