Question

Which characteristic explains the new leaders of European governments during the 1930s? O They were fascist dictators. O They regained control in war-torn areas as kings. O They paid down debt, but incurred deficits. O They asserted the importance of democracy.​

Answer 1

The new European leaders of the 1930s were predominantly fascist dictators like Mussolini in Italy and Hitler in Germany, who established totalitarian regimes focused on nationalism, racial purity, and suppression of opposition, leading to World War II.

Step-by-step explanation:

The new leaders of European governments during the 1930s can be characterized as fascist dictators. This era saw the emergence of totalitarian regimes like those of Mussolini in Italy, Hitler in Germany, and Franco in Spain. The period was marked by a disillusionment with democratic and parliamentary governments following World War I and the Great Depression.

Fascism as a political movement focused on nationalism, racial purity, and the unification of the state under a totalitarian regime. The fascist leaders used violence, propaganda, and authoritative rule to eliminate perceived threats and control all aspects of life, doing away with democratic norms and the rule of law.

In Italy, Mussolini took advantage of the post-World War I turmoil to establish his rule by 1925, transforming the nation into a single-party state. Similarly, in Germany, Hitler leveraged the economic crises and fears of communism to rise to power in 1933. These regimes were characterized by an aggressive nationalism and the suppression of political opposition, ultimately propelling the world towards World War II.