Final answer:
Liquefaction is a process where foundation material loses cohesion and fails mechanically during an earthquake, posing risks to structures built on susceptible ground.
Step-by-step explanation:
A liquefaction refers to the tendency for a foundation material to lose its internal cohesion and fail mechanically during earthquake shaking. Liquefaction occurs when saturated or partially saturated soils substantially lose strength and stiffness in response to an applied stress, such as shaking during an earthquake. This loss of strength can cause buildings or other structures to sink, tilt or collapse.
Landslides and other ground movements can also be triggered by several factors such as subsidence, erosion, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions. The significance of understanding phenomena like liquefaction arises when considering the risks to structures built on or near such susceptible ground. Engineers and geologists assess such risks and design foundations to withstand potential earthquake-induced failures.