Final answer:
The correct syntax for an if-else statement in option A: if (condition) { statement1; } else { statement2; }. Conditionals in programming help control the flow of execution and are similar to if-then logic statements used in logical reasoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct syntax for an if-else statement in programming languages is represented by option A: if (condition) { statement1; } else { statement2; }. In this syntax structure, if marks the beginning of the conditional statement, and the parentheses () contain the condition to be evaluated. If the condition is true, statement1 is executed. If the condition is false, the code within the else block, statement2, is executed instead. In the context of logic and programming, a conditional is often expressed as an if-then statement. For example, the conditional "If it is raining, then the ground is wet" means that rain is a sufficient condition for the ground being wet, and the ground being wet is a necessary condition for it to have rained previously. In programming, such if-then statements are used to control the flow of execution based on whether a certain condition is met.