Final answer:
The mineral sample that would experience the most abrasion is quartz. Therefore, the correct option is B) quartz I.
Step-by-step explanation:
The mineral sample that would experience the most abrasion when placed together in a closed, dry container and shaken vigorously for 10 minutes would be quartz (B).
Quartz is a hard mineral with a Mohs hardness scale rating of 7, making it highly resistant to scratching and abrasion. The other mineral samples, amphibole (A), galena (C), and pyroxene (D), have lower hardness ratings and are therefore more susceptible to abrasion.
By comparing the hardness of minerals, we can determine which mineral sample would experience the most abrasion.