Final answer:
Long-term decisions that guide the entire organization are known as d. strategic decisions. These involve long-term planning and a vision for the future, contrasting with short-term operational and tactical decisions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Long-term decisions that set the direction for the entire organization are referred to as d. strategic decisions. These decisions involve a high level of planning and a vision for the future of the organization. They are different from tactical or operational decisions, which are more short-term and focused on the day-to-day functioning of the company.
Strategic decisions, for example, could involve entering a new market or developing a new product line, in contrast to operational decisions, which might deal with improving efficiency in the production process.