Final answer:
Training can strengthen employee commitment and reduce turnover, leading to a more productive and stable workforce. Employers take advantage of training as a strategy to increase employee performance and reduce costs associated with hiring and training new workers. Unions also contribute to this by providing job training and higher wages, resulting in higher productivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Employers today are increasingly aware that training can significantly enhance various aspects of a workforce's performance. According to a study by Arthur, Bennett, Edens, and Bell, training demonstrates effectiveness across immediate employee reactions, learning outcomes, behavioral changes, and broader performance metrics like productivity and profit. Moreover, training can lead to increased demand for labor, as a well-trained workforce is more productive. Employers take advantage of training programs to reduce costs associated with high turnover and hiring, while increasing employee commitment, skills, and experience, often resulting in a more competitive and capable workforce.
Further evidence supports the notion that training and wages are related to higher productivity. Union workers, who often receive better training and higher wages, tend to stay longer at their job, reducing employers' costs and increasing productivity. This reduced turnover is valuable to employers, as they can advantage from a more stable and knowledgeable workforce without the constant need to replace and train new employees, which can be costly and time-consuming.