Final answer:
The term for the maximum pressure that any component of a fuel system can be subjected to is the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP). It is designed with a safety factor to ensure that the system operates within safe limits under both normal and unexpected conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The maximum pressure to which any component or portion of the fuel system can be subjected is technically knowns as the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP). It is a critical value in the design and operation of such systems, ensuring they can operate safely under normal and unexpected conditions. This value is the result of design considerations, incorporating a safety factor to ensure that under normal operational conditions, the system stays within safe limits.
The MAOP can be influenced by factors such as the material strength of the components and the maximum temperature they can withstand. Considering the example provided, if a gas is stored at 200 atmospheres and the cylinder has a safety factor of 2, theoretically, this means the cylinder would likely start to fail at 400 atmospheres. Factors such as temperature play a critical role, as an increase may lead to an increase in pressure - highlighting the importance of MAOP under various conditions.
Absolutely essential is to differentiate between the various types of pressures mentioned, such as service pressure, which can often be seen as the regular operating pressure within safe limits, or working pressure, which might refer to the pressure that is typically exerted during normal operation conditions. Still, the clear and unequivocal term in the context of safety and maximum allowance is the Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP).