Final answer:
N-acetylcysteine is recommended to reduce the risk of contrast-induced renal failure due to its antioxidative effects on the kidneys.
Step-by-step explanation:
To reduce the risk of contrast-induced renal failure, administration of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is oftentimes recommended. NAC has antioxidant properties that may help mitigate kidney damage by neutralizing harmful reactive oxygen species generated during contrast agent administration. On the other hand, drugs such as allopurinol are typically used for long-term management of conditions that can lead to kidney stones, and are not directly linked to the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy. It is crucial to maintain appropriate hydration as well, which can be achieved by drinking enough water to produce 2 to 2.5 liters of urine per day, and following dietary recommendations like a diet low in protein, nitrogen, and sodium intake.