Final answer:
Cavitation in hydraulic pumps is typically identified by pitted or eroded patterns and a sandblasted appearance on internal components, both of which result from the implosive force of collapsing vapor bubbles in the fluid.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cavitation in a disassembled hydraulic pump can be identified by examining the internal components for specific types of damage. When cavitation occurs, it can cause the materials within the pump to deteriorate in distinctive ways.
One common sign of cavitation is when the internal components of the pump appear to have a pitted or eroded type of pattern. This damage resembles tiny dents or holes on the surface of the metal, which occurs due to the formation and collapse of vapor bubbles in the fluid. These bubbles collapse with great force and can remove small bits of metal from the components, leading to pitting.
Another indication of cavitation can be an internal component that looks as if it has been sandblasted. This texture is also a result of the implosive force exerted by the collapsing cavitation bubbles, which can cause material to wear away, giving parts a rough and eroded appearance.