Final answer:
A breastfeeding mother should use only clean water to cleanse the areola, avoiding harsh soaps and chemicals. The composition of breast milk, including colostrum, foremilk, and hindmilk, changes during lactation to meet the infant's nutritional needs, and frequent breastfeeding or pumping is necessary to maintain milk production.
Step-by-step explanation:
A breastfeeding mother should keep the areola clean to maintain breast health and ensure a safe feeding environment for the infant. The areola contains glands that secrete an oily fluid which naturally lubricates and protects the nipple during breastfeeding, making it unnecessary to use cleansing solutions frequently. However, if cleansing is required, it's recommended to use only clean water and to avoid any harsh soaps or chemicals, as they can remove this protective oil and cause dryness or irritation. Moreover, any residue from soaps or lotions can be harmful if ingested by the baby. Cleanliness should be maintained before and after feedings to prevent infection.
Changes in the Composition of Breast Milk
The composition of breast milk changes significantly during lactation. Colostrum, which is produced in the first postpartum days, is rich in immunoglobulins that boost the infant's immune system. As breastfeeding continues, the milk transitions from colostrum to mature milk. This mature milk is then divided into foremilk, which is more watery and quenches thirst, and hindmilk, which is richer in fat and satisfies hunger.
It's important for lactating mothers to understand these changes, as they reflect the dynamic response of the maternal body to the nutritional and developmental needs of the infant. The amount and composition of milk produced adjust according to the baby's demands, and by frequent removal of milk through breastfeeding or pumping, the mother can maintain high prolactin levels essential for milk production.