Question

The clinic nurse is performing a psychosocial assessment of a client who has been told that she is pregnant. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the client is at risk for contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

A) Monogamous relationship
B) History of substance abuse
C) Regular prenatal care
D) Condom use

Answer 1

A history of substance abuse is an assessment finding that indicates the client is at risk for contracting HIV, while monogamy, prenatal care, and condom use typically reduce risk.

Step-by-step explanation:

The clinic nurse's psychosocial assessment of a client who has just learned she is pregnant reveals several factors that could influence the client's risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Among the options provided, a history of substance abuse is the assessment finding that indicates the client is at risk for contracting HIV. Substance abuse, particularly intravenous drug use, can increase the risk of HIV transmission through practices such as sharing needles. On the contrary, being in a monogamous relationship, engaging in regular prenatal care, and consistent condom use are factors that could potentially reduce the risk of HIV infection.

Preventive measures such as the distribution of free condoms and comprehensive sex education programs are important for reducing the incidence of HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, antiretroviral medications during pregnancy and safe delivery practices can significantly reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.