Final answer:
The reportable tapeworm species is Taenia solium, and it must be reported within 24 hours after diagnosis due to its potential to cause serious health complications like cysticercosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The tapeworm species that is reportable is Taenia solium, commonly known as the pork tapeworm. It should be reported within 24 hours after diagnosis. This is because T. solium can cause cysticercosis, a serious condition where the larvae form cysts in tissues, including the brain (neurocysticercosis), which has significant public health implications. Additionally, it has a complex life cycle, involving both a definitive host where the adult tapeworm thrives in the intestine, and intermediate hosts where the larvae can form cysts in tissues. The option a) Taenia solium; within 24 hours is correct as it poses a high risk when its larvae form cysts in tissues, such as the central nervous system, potentially leading to severe health issues.